Snoring is a condition that affects more than one adult in five. It is linked to the collapse of the upper airways, caused by:

• large tonsils
• an abnormally long soft palate
• excess fat deposits in the throat (in overweight subjects)
• a retracted lower jaw

People with these anomalies generally have no problems when they are awake. While they are sleeping, on the other hand, throat muscles relax and further restrict the upper airways. This causes the throat structures to vibrate with the air flow, creating the condition we know as snoring.

Snoring and obstructive sleep apnea

Snoring is usually considered a harmless affliction. However, it may signal a much more serious medical condition: obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

This condition has significant consequences, since it is often linked with car accidents. The fatigue created by OSA increases the risk of falling asleep at the wheel, as well as the risk of heart attacks and increased mortality.

Before beginning treatment for snoring, it is crucial to see whether the patient suffers from OSA and treat the condition accordingly. This assessment must be done in a sleep disorder clinic by a sleep specialist.

Treatment

Following the diagnosis, the doctor determines the appropriate treatment and refers some patients to a dentist with specific expertise in treating snoring.

Studies show that the use of a mandibular advancement device (MAD) can be an excellent choice for treating the problem. A MAD is an oral appliance similar to a mouthguard, worn only at night. It moves the lower jaw into a forward position and opens the upper airways.

Patients most likely to benefit from a MAD have:

• no obesity problems
• regular snoring
• mild to moderate OAS
• backwards displacement of the lower jaw

The dentist’s role

Your dentist is the only one with the necessary knowledge to diagnose periodontal, joint and dental problems.

He or she has the expertise to:

• decide whether your oral condition is suited to the use of an appliance
• determine the appropriate type of appliance
• fit and adjust the appliance

Remember

Obstructive sleep apnea is a condition that affects 2% of women and 4% of men between the ages of 30 and 60.